Global Interest Rates & Central Bank Statistics in 1990
German reunification tightening and Japanese asset bubble peak Inspect 11 headline monetary indicators and 13 reporting central bank policy rates recorded in 1990.
Headline Monetary Indicators in 1990
Federal Reserve
Rank #12 of 73 yrs
Federal Funds Effective Rate (United States)
1990 Reading 7.00%
YoY Change -1.25 pp
Bank of England
Rank #6 of 81 yrs
Bank of England Official Base Rate (United Kingdom)
1990 Reading 13.88%
YoY Change -1.00 pp
Bank of Japan
Rank #17 of 75 yrs
Bank of Japan Policy Interest Rate (Japan)
1990 Reading 6.00%
YoY Change +1.75 pp
Reserve Bank of Australia
Rank #7 of 51 yrs
RBA Cash Rate Target (Australia)
1990 Reading 12.00%
YoY Change -5.90 pp
Swiss National Bank
Rank #2 of 81 yrs
Swiss National Bank Policy Interest Rate (Switzerland)
1990 Reading 6.00%
YoY Change 0.00 pp
Bank of Canada
Rank #5 of 67 yrs
Bank of Canada Target Overnight Rate (Canada)
1990 Reading 11.72%
YoY Change -0.75 pp
Federal Reserve
Rank #25 of 113 yrs
United States Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
1990 Reading 5.39%
YoY Change +0.56 pp
Bank of England
Rank #29 of 113 yrs
United Kingdom Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
1990 Reading 6.94%
YoY Change +1.69 pp
Federal Reserve
Rank #37 of 113 yrs
Federal Reserve Balance Sheet Total Assets (USD)
1990 Reading $319.19B
YoY Change +$8.93B
Federal Reserve
Rank #25 of 66 yrs
United States Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD)
1990 Reading $173.09B
YoY Change +$4.51B
Federal Reserve
Rank #60 of 63 yrs
US Dollar (USD) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER)
1990 Reading 79.88
YoY Change -2.43
Central Bank Policy Rates & Real Interest Rates in 1990 (13 Monetary Authorities)
| Rank | Central Bank | Country / CCY | 1990 Policy Rate | 1990 CPI Inflation | 1990 Ex-Post Real Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Central Bank of Brazil (BCB) | Brazil (BRL) | 1618.59% | 4116.19% | -2497.60% |
| #2 | South African Reserve Bank (SARB) | South Africa (ZAR) | 18.00% | 14.33% | +3.67% |
| #3 | Sveriges Riksbank (RIKSBANK) | Sweden (SEK) | 14.00% | 10.35% | +3.65% |
| #4 | Bank of England (BOE) | United Kingdom (GBP) | 13.88% | 6.94% | +6.94% |
| #5 | Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) | Australia (AUD) | 12.00% | 7.31% | +4.69% |
| #6 | Bank of Canada (BOC) | Canada (CAD) | 11.72% | 4.78% | +6.94% |
| #7 | Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) | New Zealand (NZD) | 11.25% | 6.12% | +5.13% |
| #8 | Norges Bank (NORGES) | Norway (NOK) | 10.50% | 4.07% | +6.43% |
| #9 | Reserve Bank of India (RBI) | India (INR) | 10.00% | 9.05% | +0.95% |
| #10 | Danmarks Nationalbank (DNB) | Denmark (DKK) | 8.50% | 2.65% | +5.85% |
| #11 | Federal Reserve (FED) | United States (USD) | 7.00% | 5.39% | +1.61% |
| #12 | Bank of Japan (BOJ) | Japan (JPY) | 6.00% | 3.06% | +2.94% |
| #13 | Swiss National Bank (SNB) | Switzerland (CHF) | 6.00% | 5.40% | +0.60% |
Surrounding Decade Context (1985-1995)
| Year | Fed Funds | BoE Rate | BoJ Rate | US CPI | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 7.75% | 11.38% | 5.00% | 3.55% | Plaza Accord coordinated G5 currency intervention depreciates USD |
| 1986 | 5.88% | 10.88% | 3.00% | 1.91% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1986. |
| 1987 | 6.81% | 8.38% | 2.50% | 3.66% | Louvre Accord and Black Monday central bank liquidity provision |
| 1988 | 8.69% | 12.88% | 2.50% | 4.08% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1988. |
| 1989 | 8.25% | 14.88% | 4.25% | 4.83% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1989. |
| 1990 | 7.00% | 13.88% | 6.00% | 5.39% | German reunification tightening and Japanese asset bubble peak |
| 1991 | 4.00% | 10.38% | 4.50% | 4.25% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1991. |
| 1992 | 3.00% | 6.88% | 3.25% | 3.03% | European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) crisis and Black Wednesday |
| 1993 | 3.00% | 5.38% | 1.75% | 2.96% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1993. |
| 1994 | 5.50% | 6.12% | 1.75% | 2.61% | Global bond market selloff and pre-emptive Federal Reserve tightening cycle |
| 1995 | 5.50% | 6.38% | 0.50% | 2.81% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1995. |