Global Interest Rates & Central Bank Statistics in 1991
Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1991. Inspect 11 headline monetary indicators and 13 reporting central bank policy rates recorded in 1991.
Headline Monetary Indicators in 1991
Federal Reserve
Rank #36 of 73 yrs
Federal Funds Effective Rate (United States)
1991 Reading 4.00%
YoY Change -3.00 pp
Bank of England
Rank #14 of 81 yrs
Bank of England Official Base Rate (United Kingdom)
1991 Reading 10.38%
YoY Change -3.50 pp
Bank of Japan
Rank #37 of 75 yrs
Bank of Japan Policy Interest Rate (Japan)
1991 Reading 4.50%
YoY Change -1.50 pp
Reserve Bank of Australia
Rank #11 of 51 yrs
RBA Cash Rate Target (Australia)
1991 Reading 8.50%
YoY Change -3.50 pp
Swiss National Bank
Rank #1 of 81 yrs
Swiss National Bank Policy Interest Rate (Switzerland)
1991 Reading 7.00%
YoY Change +1.00 pp
Bank of Canada
Rank #18 of 67 yrs
Bank of Canada Target Overnight Rate (Canada)
1991 Reading 7.67%
YoY Change -4.05 pp
Federal Reserve
Rank #32 of 113 yrs
United States Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
1991 Reading 4.25%
YoY Change -1.14 pp
Bank of England
Rank #23 of 113 yrs
United Kingdom Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
1991 Reading 7.54%
YoY Change +0.60 pp
Federal Reserve
Rank #36 of 113 yrs
Federal Reserve Balance Sheet Total Assets (USD)
1991 Reading $346.62B
YoY Change +$27.43B
Federal Reserve
Rank #32 of 66 yrs
United States Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD)
1991 Reading $159.27B
YoY Change $-13.82B
Federal Reserve
Rank #62 of 63 yrs
US Dollar (USD) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER)
1991 Reading 77.86
YoY Change -2.02
Central Bank Policy Rates & Real Interest Rates in 1991 (13 Monetary Authorities)
| Rank | Central Bank | Country / CCY | 1991 Policy Rate | 1991 CPI Inflation | 1991 Ex-Post Real Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Central Bank of Brazil (BCB) | Brazil (BRL) | 1795.51% | 492.25% | +1303.26% |
| #2 | South African Reserve Bank (SARB) | South Africa (ZAR) | 17.00% | 15.31% | +1.69% |
| #3 | Sveriges Riksbank (RIKSBANK) | Sweden (SEK) | 14.50% | 9.48% | +5.02% |
| #4 | Reserve Bank of India (RBI) | India (INR) | 12.00% | 13.65% | -1.65% |
| #5 | Bank of England (BOE) | United Kingdom (GBP) | 10.38% | 7.54% | +2.84% |
| #6 | Norges Bank (NORGES) | Norway (NOK) | 10.00% | 3.44% | +6.56% |
| #7 | Danmarks Nationalbank (DNB) | Denmark (DKK) | 9.50% | 2.41% | +7.09% |
| #8 | Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) | Australia (AUD) | 8.50% | 3.23% | +5.27% |
| #9 | Bank of Canada (BOC) | Canada (CAD) | 7.67% | 5.64% | +2.03% |
| #10 | Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) | New Zealand (NZD) | 7.20% | 2.62% | +4.58% |
| #11 | Swiss National Bank (SNB) | Switzerland (CHF) | 7.00% | 5.86% | +1.14% |
| #12 | Bank of Japan (BOJ) | Japan (JPY) | 4.50% | 3.28% | +1.22% |
| #13 | Federal Reserve (FED) | United States (USD) | 4.00% | 4.25% | -0.25% |
Surrounding Decade Context (1986-1996)
| Year | Fed Funds | BoE Rate | BoJ Rate | US CPI | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 5.88% | 10.88% | 3.00% | 1.91% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1986. |
| 1987 | 6.81% | 8.38% | 2.50% | 3.66% | Louvre Accord and Black Monday central bank liquidity provision |
| 1988 | 8.69% | 12.88% | 2.50% | 4.08% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1988. |
| 1989 | 8.25% | 14.88% | 4.25% | 4.83% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1989. |
| 1990 | 7.00% | 13.88% | 6.00% | 5.39% | German reunification tightening and Japanese asset bubble peak |
| 1991 | 4.00% | 10.38% | 4.50% | 4.25% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1991. |
| 1992 | 3.00% | 6.88% | 3.25% | 3.03% | European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) crisis and Black Wednesday |
| 1993 | 3.00% | 5.38% | 1.75% | 2.96% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1993. |
| 1994 | 5.50% | 6.12% | 1.75% | 2.61% | Global bond market selloff and pre-emptive Federal Reserve tightening cycle |
| 1995 | 5.50% | 6.38% | 0.50% | 2.81% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1995. |
| 1996 | 5.25% | 5.94% | 0.50% | 2.93% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 1996. |