New Zealand Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD) - Historical Data
Total official international reserves of New Zealand (Reserve Bank of New Zealand), comprising monetary gold valued at year-end London market prices, convertible foreign exchange reserves, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), and IMF reserve positions from 1960 to 2025. Latest reserve holdings stand at $28.15 billion USD (2025).
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Current Statistics & Historical Records
Latest Reading (2025)
$28.15B
Prev (2024): $22.07B+$6.08B
Highest Recorded (2025)
$28.15B
Peak foreign exchange and gold reserves held by New Zealand.
Lowest Recorded (1968)
$0.16B
Lowest recorded official international reserve holdings for New Zealand.
Long-Run Mean (1960–2025)
$6.69B
66 annual observations · Annual
Reserve Bank of New Zealand · NZD
New Zealand Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD) (1960-2025)
USD BillionsDrag to pan, scroll to zoom, or toggle between full archive (1960–2025) and recent annual observations.
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Source: World Bank Open Data & International Monetary Fund (IFS) (WB:FI.RES.TOTL.CD:NZL)
Latest: $28.15B (2025)
New Zealand FX Reserves ($B) Averages by Decade
Decadal mean, peak, and trough across the 1960–2025 archive
| Decade | Years Covered | Decade Mean | Decade High (Year) | Decade Low (Year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 1960–1969 | $0.21B | $0.29B (1960) | $0.16B (1968) |
| 1970s | 1970–1979 | $0.56B | $1.05B (1973) | $0.26B (1970) |
| 1980s | 1980–1989 | $1.88B | $3.78B (1986) | $0.37B (1980) |
| 1990s | 1990–1999 | $4.07B | $5.95B (1996) | $2.95B (1991) |
| 2000s | 2000–2009 | $9.24B | $17.25B (2007) | $3.56B (2001) |
| 2010s | 2010–2019 | $17.21B | $20.68B (2017) | $14.70B (2015) |
| 2020s | 2020–2025 | $18.33B | $28.15B (2025) | $13.73B (2020) |
Complete Annual Historical Ledger (1960–2025)
Unit: USD Billions · Source: World Bank Open Data & International Monetary Fund (IFS) (WB:FI.RES.TOTL.CD:NZL)
| Year | Annual Value (USD Billions) | Intra-Year Range (Min – Max) | Monetary Regime & Historical Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $28.15B | $28.15B – $28.15B | Post-tightening monetary recalibration across advanced and emerging central banks |
| 2024 | $22.07B | $22.07B – $22.07B | G10 policy rates peak and pivot toward gradual monetary normalization |
| 2023 | $15.49B | $15.49B – $15.49B | - |
| 2022 | $14.40B | $14.40B – $14.40B | Global inflation surge triggers fastest synchronized rate hiking cycle in four decades |
| 2021 | $16.11B | $16.11B – $16.11B | - |
| 2020 | $13.73B | $13.73B – $13.73B | COVID-19 pandemic emergency rate cuts and record balance sheet expansion |
| 2019 | $17.81B | $17.81B – $17.81B | - |
| 2018 | $17.66B | $17.66B – $17.66B | - |
| 2017 | $20.68B | $20.68B – $20.68B | - |
| 2016 | $17.81B | $17.81B – $17.81B | Bank of Japan introduces Yield Curve Control (YCC); post-Brexit BoE easing |
| 2015 | $14.70B | $14.70B – $14.70B | - |
| 2014 | $15.86B | $15.86B – $15.86B | ECB and European peers introduce Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP) |
| 2013 | $16.32B | $16.32B – $16.32B | - |
| 2012 | $17.58B | $17.58B – $17.58B | - |
| 2011 | $17.01B | $17.01B – $17.01B | European Sovereign Debt Crisis and Swiss franc safe-haven surge |
| 2010 | $16.72B | $16.72B – $16.72B | - |
| 2009 | $15.59B | $15.59B – $15.59B | - |
| 2008 | $11.05B | $11.05B – $11.05B | Global Financial Crisis drives major central banks to the zero lower bound and QE1 |
| 2007 | $17.25B | $17.25B – $17.25B | - |
| 2006 | $14.07B | $14.07B – $14.07B | - |
| 2005 | $8.89B | $8.89B – $8.89B | - |
| 2004 | $6.95B | $6.95B – $6.95B | - |
| 2003 | $6.09B | $6.09B – $6.09B | - |
| 2002 | $4.96B | $4.96B – $4.96B | - |
| 2001 | $3.56B | $3.56B – $3.56B | Dot-com bust and synchronized G10 monetary easing cycle |
| 2000 | $3.95B | $3.95B – $3.95B | - |
| 1999 | $4.46B | $4.46B – $4.46B | Launch of the Euro and establishment of the European Central Bank (ECB) |
| 1998 | $4.20B | $4.20B – $4.20B | - |
| 1997 | $4.45B | $4.45B – $4.45B | Asian Financial Crisis triggers emergency EM currency defense hikes |
| 1996 | $5.95B | $5.95B – $5.95B | - |
| 1995 | $4.41B | $4.41B – $4.41B | - |
| 1994 | $3.71B | $3.71B – $3.71B | Global bond market selloff and pre-emptive Federal Reserve tightening cycle |
| 1993 | $3.34B | $3.34B – $3.34B | - |
| 1992 | $3.08B | $3.08B – $3.08B | European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) crisis and Black Wednesday |
| 1991 | $2.95B | $2.95B – $2.95B | - |
| 1990 | $4.13B | $4.13B – $4.13B | German reunification tightening and Japanese asset bubble peak |
| 1989 | $3.03B | $3.03B – $3.03B | - |
| 1988 | $2.85B | $2.85B – $2.85B | - |
| 1987 | $3.27B | $3.27B – $3.27B | Louvre Accord and Black Monday central bank liquidity provision |
| 1986 | $3.78B | $3.78B – $3.78B | - |
| 1985 | $1.60B | $1.60B – $1.60B | Plaza Accord coordinated G5 currency intervention depreciates USD |
| 1984 | $1.79B | $1.79B – $1.79B | - |
| 1983 | $0.79B | $0.79B – $0.79B | - |
| 1982 | $0.65B | $0.65B – $0.65B | - |
| 1981 | $0.68B | $0.68B – $0.68B | Volcker disinflation peak pushes benchmark policy rates to postwar highs |
| 1980 | $0.37B | $0.37B – $0.37B | - |
| 1979 | $0.47B | $0.47B – $0.47B | Second oil shock; Paul Volcker appointed Federal Reserve Chair |
| 1978 | $0.47B | $0.47B – $0.47B | - |
| 1977 | $0.45B | $0.45B – $0.45B | - |
| 1976 | $0.49B | $0.49B – $0.49B | - |
| 1975 | $0.43B | $0.43B – $0.43B | - |
| 1974 | $0.64B | $0.64B – $0.64B | First OPEC oil shock triggers global stagflation and steep policy rate hikes |
| 1973 | $1.05B | $1.05B – $1.05B | - |
| 1972 | $0.83B | $0.83B – $0.83B | - |
| 1971 | $0.49B | $0.49B – $0.49B | Nixon Shock suspends USD gold convertibility; Bretton Woods system ends |
| 1970 | $0.26B | $0.26B – $0.26B | - |
| 1969 | $0.21B | $0.21B – $0.21B | - |
| 1968 | $0.16B | $0.16B – $0.16B | - |
| 1967 | $0.22B | $0.22B – $0.22B | - |
| 1966 | $0.18B | $0.18B – $0.18B | Credit crunch of 1966 and monetary tightening |
| 1965 | $0.17B | $0.17B – $0.17B | - |
| 1964 | $0.26B | $0.26B – $0.26B | - |
| 1963 | $0.21B | $0.21B – $0.21B | - |
| 1962 | $0.25B | $0.25B – $0.25B | - |
| 1961 | $0.18B | $0.18B – $0.18B | - |
| 1960 | $0.29B | $0.29B – $0.29B | - |
Frequently Asked Questions - New Zealand FX Reserves ($B)
How much in foreign exchange and gold reserves does New Zealand hold?
As of 2025, New Zealand holds $28.15 billion USD in total international reserves (including monetary gold and foreign exchange).
Statistical Provenance
Source Metadata & Methodology Notes
- Primary Institution:
- World Bank Open Data & International Monetary Fund (IFS)
- Dataset / Dataflow:
- World Development Indicators: Total Reserves Including Gold (FI.RES.TOTL.CD)
- Canonical Series ID:
- WB:FI.RES.TOTL.CD:NZL
- Reuse & License:
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- Holdings of monetary gold (valued at year-end London prices), Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities.
- Values are converted from current US dollars to billions of US dollars ($10^9$).
- Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) via World Bank Development Indicators.
Academic & Media Attribution
Cite This Dataset (APA & BibTeX)
APA 7th Edition
CentralBankData.com. (2025). New Zealand Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD), compiled from World Bank & IMF International Financial Statistics (FI.RES.TOTL.CD, CC BY 4.0). https://centralbankdata.com/new-zealand-foreign-exchange-reserves
BibTeX
@misc{cbd_reserves_new_zealand,
author = {CentralBankData.com},
title = {New Zealand Foreign Exchange and Gold Reserves},
note = {Compiled from World Bank and IMF IFS FI.RES.TOTL.CD (CC BY 4.0)},
year = {2025},
url = {https://centralbankdata.com/new-zealand-foreign-exchange-reserves}
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