Global Interest Rates & Central Bank Statistics in 2020
COVID-19 pandemic emergency rate cuts and record balance sheet expansion Inspect 12 headline monetary indicators and 20 reporting central bank policy rates recorded in 2020.
Headline Monetary Indicators in 2020
Federal Reserve
Rank #65 of 73 yrs
Federal Funds Effective Rate (United States)
2020 Reading 0.12%
YoY Change -1.50 pp
European Central Bank
Rank #23 of 28 yrs
ECB Main Policy Interest Rate (Euro Area)
2020 Reading 0.00%
YoY Change 0.00 pp
Bank of England
Rank #81 of 81 yrs
Bank of England Official Base Rate (United Kingdom)
2020 Reading 0.10%
YoY Change -0.65 pp
Bank of Japan
Rank #68 of 75 yrs
Bank of Japan Policy Interest Rate (Japan)
2020 Reading -0.10%
YoY Change 0.00 pp
Reserve Bank of Australia
Rank #50 of 51 yrs
RBA Cash Rate Target (Australia)
2020 Reading 0.10%
YoY Change -0.65 pp
Swiss National Bank
Rank #75 of 81 yrs
Swiss National Bank Policy Interest Rate (Switzerland)
2020 Reading -0.75%
YoY Change 0.00 pp
Bank of Canada
Rank #65 of 67 yrs
Bank of Canada Target Overnight Rate (Canada)
2020 Reading 0.25%
YoY Change -1.50 pp
Federal Reserve
Rank #86 of 113 yrs
United States Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
2020 Reading 1.24%
YoY Change -0.57 pp
Bank of England
Rank #92 of 113 yrs
United Kingdom Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
2020 Reading 0.89%
YoY Change -0.89 pp
Federal Reserve
Rank #4 of 113 yrs
Federal Reserve Balance Sheet Total Assets (USD)
2020 Reading $7,363.35B
YoY Change +$3,197.76B
Federal Reserve
Rank #6 of 66 yrs
United States Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD)
2020 Reading $628.37B
YoY Change +$111.67B
Federal Reserve
Rank #21 of 63 yrs
US Dollar (USD) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER)
2020 Reading 100.00
YoY Change +1.44
Central Bank Policy Rates & Real Interest Rates in 2020 (20 Monetary Authorities)
| Rank | Central Bank | Country / CCY | 2020 Policy Rate | 2020 CPI Inflation | 2020 Ex-Post Real Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Bank of Mexico (BANXICO) | Mexico (MXN) | 4.25% | 3.40% | +0.85% |
| #2 | Reserve Bank of India (RBI) | India (INR) | 4.00% | 6.62% | -2.62% |
| #3 | People's Bank of China (PBOC) | China (CNY) | 3.85% | 2.58% | +1.27% |
| #4 | Bank Indonesia (BI) | Indonesia (IDR) | 3.75% | 2.04% | +1.71% |
| #5 | South African Reserve Bank (SARB) | South Africa (ZAR) | 3.50% | 3.30% | +0.20% |
| #6 | Central Bank of Brazil (BCB) | Brazil (BRL) | 2.00% | 3.21% | -1.21% |
| #7 | Bank of Korea (BOK) | South Korea (KRW) | 0.50% | 0.54% | -0.04% |
| #8 | Central Bank of Chile (BCCH) | Chile (CLP) | 0.50% | 3.05% | -2.55% |
| #9 | Bank of Canada (BOC) | Canada (CAD) | 0.25% | 0.72% | -0.47% |
| #10 | Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) | New Zealand (NZD) | 0.25% | 1.72% | -1.47% |
| #11 | Federal Reserve (FED) | United States (USD) | 0.12% | 1.24% | -1.12% |
| #12 | Bank of England (BOE) | United Kingdom (GBP) | 0.10% | 0.89% | -0.79% |
| #13 | Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) | Australia (AUD) | 0.10% | 0.85% | -0.75% |
| #14 | National Bank of Poland (NBP) | Poland (PLN) | 0.10% | 3.37% | -3.27% |
| #15 | European Central Bank (ECB) | Euro Area (EUR) | 0.00% | 0.26% | -0.26% |
| #16 | Sveriges Riksbank (RIKSBANK) | Sweden (SEK) | 0.00% | 0.50% | -0.50% |
| #17 | Norges Bank (NORGES) | Norway (NOK) | 0.00% | 1.30% | -1.30% |
| #18 | Bank of Japan (BOJ) | Japan (JPY) | -0.10% | -0.02% | -0.08% |
| #19 | Danmarks Nationalbank (DNB) | Denmark (DKK) | -0.60% | 0.42% | -1.02% |
| #20 | Swiss National Bank (SNB) | Switzerland (CHF) | -0.75% | -0.72% | -0.03% |
Surrounding Decade Context (2015-2025)
| Year | Fed Funds | BoE Rate | BoJ Rate | US CPI | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 0.38% | 0.50% | -% | 0.12% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 2015. |
| 2016 | 0.62% | 0.25% | -0.10% | 1.26% | Bank of Japan introduces Yield Curve Control (YCC); post-Brexit BoE easing |
| 2017 | 1.38% | 0.50% | -0.10% | 2.13% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 2017. |
| 2018 | 2.38% | 0.75% | -0.10% | 2.44% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 2018. |
| 2019 | 1.62% | 0.75% | -0.10% | 1.81% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 2019. |
| 2020 | 0.12% | 0.10% | -0.10% | 1.24% | COVID-19 pandemic emergency rate cuts and record balance sheet expansion |
| 2021 | 0.12% | 0.25% | -0.10% | 4.69% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 2021. |
| 2022 | 4.38% | 3.50% | -0.10% | 8.01% | Global inflation surge triggers fastest synchronized rate hiking cycle in four decades |
| 2023 | 5.38% | 5.25% | -0.10% | 4.14% | Global monetary policy and central bank balance sheet ledger for 2023. |
| 2024 | 4.38% | 4.75% | 0.25% | 2.95% | G10 policy rates peak and pivot toward gradual monetary normalization |
| 2025 | 3.62% | 3.75% | 0.75% | 2.69% | Post-tightening monetary recalibration across advanced and emerging central banks |