Indian Rupee (INR) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) - Historical Data
BIS Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) index (base 2020 = 100) for the Indian Rupee (INR) issued by the Reserve Bank of India, spanning 1994 to 2026. The index measures the trade-weighted value of INR against a broad basket of 64 economies adjusted for relative consumer price inflation. A reading above 100 indicates higher real purchasing power relative to the 2020 baseline.
Embed this interactive chart on your website or article:
Current Statistics & Historical Records
Latest Reading (Sep 2026)
90.17
Prev (Aug 2026): 89.94+0.23
Highest Recorded (Nov 2024)
106.10
Strongest real trade-weighted valuation of the Indian Rupee (INR REER Index, 2020=100).
Lowest Recorded (Feb 1996)
81.10
Weakest real trade-weighted valuation of the Indian Rupee (INR REER Index, 2020=100).
Long-Run Mean (1994–2026)
94.29
33 annual observations · Monthly
Reserve Bank of India · INR
Indian Rupee (INR) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) (1994-2026)
Index (2020=100)Drag to pan, scroll to zoom, or toggle between full archive (1994–2026) and recent monthly observations.
Loading interactive monetary series chart...
Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS) (WS_EER:M:R:B:IN)
Latest: 90.17 (Sep 2026)
INR REER Index Averages by Decade
Decadal mean, peak, and trough across the 1994–2026 archive
| Decade | Years Covered | Decade Mean | Decade High (Year) | Decade Low (Year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1994–1999 | 89.21 | 92.95 (1994) | 85.71 (1996) |
| 2000s | 2000–2009 | 91.99 | 98.59 (2007) | 88.49 (2009) |
| 2010s | 2010–2019 | 96.22 | 102.13 (2017) | 88.30 (2013) |
| 2020s | 2020–2026 | 99.17 | 103.56 (2024) | 90.40 (2026) |
Complete Annual Historical Ledger (1994–2026)
Unit: Index (2020=100) · Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS) (WS_EER:M:R:B:IN)
| Year | Annual Value (Index (2020=100)) | Intra-Year Range (Min – Max) | Monetary Regime & Historical Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 90.40 | 87.83 – 93.18 | - |
| 2025 | 98.31 | 94.15 – 103.02 | Post-tightening monetary recalibration across advanced and emerging central banks |
| 2024 | 103.56 | 101.78 – 106.10 | G10 policy rates peak and pivot toward gradual monetary normalization |
| 2023 | 100.58 | 96.74 – 103.82 | - |
| 2022 | 101.50 | 98.05 – 104.10 | Global inflation surge triggers fastest synchronized rate hiking cycle in four decades |
| 2021 | 99.81 | 97.29 – 102.15 | - |
| 2020 | 100.00 | 98.16 – 102.25 | COVID-19 pandemic emergency rate cuts and record balance sheet expansion |
| 2019 | 99.62 | 95.29 – 102.27 | - |
| 2018 | 97.64 | 93.73 – 101.76 | - |
| 2017 | 102.13 | 98.90 – 103.60 | - |
| 2016 | 97.76 | 94.97 – 100.06 | Bank of Japan introduces Yield Curve Control (YCC); post-Brexit BoE easing |
| 2015 | 96.57 | 94.28 – 98.23 | - |
| 2014 | 89.85 | 84.77 – 93.34 | ECB and European peers introduce Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP) |
| 2013 | 88.30 | 83.29 – 92.01 | - |
| 2012 | 92.66 | 89.77 – 96.63 | - |
| 2011 | 98.86 | 90.89 – 102.50 | European Sovereign Debt Crisis and Swiss franc safe-haven surge |
| 2010 | 98.80 | 94.78 – 101.75 | - |
| 2009 | 88.49 | 85.08 – 91.79 | - |
| 2008 | 93.76 | 88.62 – 98.79 | Global Financial Crisis drives major central banks to the zero lower bound and QE1 |
| 2007 | 98.59 | 93.90 – 101.04 | - |
| 2006 | 92.48 | 90.43 – 94.15 | - |
| 2005 | 93.30 | 90.83 – 96.68 | - |
| 2004 | 90.38 | 88.55 – 93.24 | - |
| 2003 | 89.47 | 87.19 – 91.71 | - |
| 2002 | 89.64 | 87.59 – 91.80 | - |
| 2001 | 92.89 | 91.26 – 94.80 | Dot-com bust and synchronized G10 monetary easing cycle |
| 2000 | 90.93 | 86.82 – 93.30 | - |
| 1999 | 86.86 | 84.46 – 87.68 | Launch of the Euro and establishment of the European Central Bank (ECB) |
| 1998 | 88.28 | 84.87 – 92.23 | - |
| 1997 | 91.03 | 87.44 – 93.77 | Asian Financial Crisis triggers emergency EM currency defense hikes |
| 1996 | 85.71 | 81.10 – 87.58 | - |
| 1995 | 90.41 | 84.76 – 94.64 | - |
| 1994 | 92.95 | 92.03 – 94.39 | Global bond market selloff and pre-emptive Federal Reserve tightening cycle |
Frequently Asked Questions - INR REER Index
What is the current Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) of the Indian Rupee (INR)?
As of Sep 2026, the BIS Real Effective Exchange Rate index for INR is 90.17 (2020 = 100), compared with its long-run average of 94.29.
Statistical Provenance
Source Metadata & Methodology Notes
- Primary Institution:
- Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
- Dataset / Dataflow:
- BIS Effective Exchange Rate Indices (WS_EER)
- Canonical Series ID:
- WS_EER:M:R:B:IN
- Reuse & License:
- Terms of permitted use of BIS statistics
- Calculated as geometric weighted averages of bilateral exchange rates adjusted by relative consumer prices (2020 = 100).
- Splices the BIS Narrow basket (1964-1993) with the BIS Broad 64-economy basket (1994-present) for continuous post-war historical coverage.
Academic & Media Attribution
Cite This Dataset (APA & BibTeX)
APA 7th Edition
CentralBankData.com. (2026). Indian Rupee (INR) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER), compiled from Bank for International Settlements (WS_EER:M:R:B:IN). https://centralbankdata.com/indian-rupee-real-effective-exchange-rate
BibTeX
@misc{cbd_reer_india,
author = {CentralBankData.com},
title = {Indian Rupee Real Effective Exchange Rate},
note = {Compiled from Bank for International Settlements WS_EER:M:R:B:IN},
year = {2026},
url = {https://centralbankdata.com/indian-rupee-real-effective-exchange-rate}
}Related Reserve Bank of India & Global Series
Full Reserve Bank of India profile →Central Bank Interest Rates
India RBI Policy Repo Rate (India)
Sep 20265.25%
Consumer Price Inflation Rates & Targets
India Inflation Rate (CPI YoY %)
Jul 20264.44%
Central Bank Balance Sheets (USD)
Reserve Bank of India Balance Sheet Total Assets (USD)
Jun 2026$921.50B
Central Bank Assets Share of GDP
Reserve Bank of India Balance Sheet Share of GDP (India)
2026 Q126.09%
Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves
India Foreign Exchange & Gold Reserves (USD)
2025$700.07B
Real Effective Exchange Rates (REER)
US Dollar (USD) Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER)
Sep 2026107.11